Emergencies don't often come with much warning, and even when they do, panic makes things worse. Whether that emergency is a hurricane, earthquake, wildfire, or major storm, families who plan ahead will be able to act with speed and in relative safety.
The reality is that weather-related disasters are increasing worldwide. The U.S. alone experienced more than twenty-five $1B weather disasters in 2014, according to the National Centers for Environmental Information. The trends are being seen worldwide, hence the increasing importance of disaster emergency planning for families.
Fortunately, family safety plans don't have to be intimidating. Most often, in emergencies, small preparations save time and anxiety. Knowing where to go, who to contact, and what to grab can be lifesaving when every moment counts.
In this article, we'll go over family safety planning tips for natural disasters, developing an emergency communication plan for families, and a home emergency survival checklist.
1. Earthquake Safety Plan for Families
The suddenness of earthquakes makes them unpredictable, and for this reason, they require advance planning. Families living in quake-prone areas need a clear understanding of what to do before, during, and after shaking occurs.
An emergency earthquake safety plan should typically cover:
* Identification of safe locations within the home
* Practice of the "Drop, Cover, and Hold On" drill
* Securing heavy furniture and appliances
* Easy access to an emergency kit
* A designated out-of-town meeting point should the family members become separated
This drill is critical, as is knowing when and how to evacuate, along with the important communication plan families need. Many people forget that cell networks can be severely overloaded in a disaster.
2. Hurricane Preparedness for Households
While hurricanes have a bit more advanced warning time, they are dangerous events that often cause widespread destruction and power outages.
Household preparedness for a hurricane should include:
- Stockpiles of bottled water and nonperishable food
- Fully charged phones and backup power sources
- Securing windows and outside items
- Familiarity with local evacuation routes
- Getting vehicles filled with gasoline well in advance
According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), families should be prepared with at least 3 days' worth of food and water.
It is also important that all vital documents, such as insurance papers, photo IDs, and medical records, be stored in waterproof containers.
3. Flood Safety and Evacuation Plan
Floods are the most common disaster experienced worldwide, and they occur far more quickly than most realize.
A proper family safety plan concerning flood safety needs to include the following:
- Monitoring weather updates frequently
- Knowing the nearest evacuation routes
- Not walking, riding, or driving through floodwaters
- Storing emergency supplies above flood level
The water flow during a flood is stronger than most people expect and will carry bacteria, debris, and potentially hidden objects.
Families with pets should always include their pets' needs in any evacuation planning, as emergency shelters may have restrictions or requirements for pets during a disaster.
4. Wildfire Safety Plan for Families
Fast-moving wildfires can threaten homes quickly, particularly in dry, windy weather conditions. Families living in or near wildfire zones should plan for evacuations before the official start of fire season.
A wildfire home survival checklist should include the basics and the important considerations for being caught outdoors as well:
- Prescriptions and extra medications
- Flashlights and batteries
- Face masks to filter out smoke
- Extra change of clothes packed in a bag
- Backup portable power chargers
It is also important to pack a "go-bag" to easily grab as a family member leaves the home, should it be required. Making sure areas around the home are clear of dry brush and vegetation can also significantly reduce fire risk.
5. Importance of an Emergency Communication Plan
Emergency communication is one of the least prioritized aspects of family safety planning for many people. During a disaster, families can easily be separated, causing great stress for children and adults alike.
A communication plan should have at least the following:
- Emergency contact information
- A trusted out-of-town contact person
- A secondary meeting place
- Printed contact lists
It is also helpful to teach children the best ways to contact emergency services and family members if parents are not quickly reachable. When faced with a disaster, being organized rather than panicking helps families cope more effectively.
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What Should Every Home Survival Checklist Include?
An emergency kit may vary from family to family depending on location and needs, but each list should contain basic necessities:
- Bottled water
- Canned foods and non-perishables
- Flashlights
- First-aid kit
- Personal medications
- Portable phone chargers
- Batteries
- Blankets
- Cash
- Documents
- Hygiene items
The CDC advises updating emergency kits biannually to replace items that may have expired or are no longer suitable.
Emergency Contacts Families Should Always Have On Hand
![Smartphone screen displaying the 911 emergency number on a red background.]()
During emergencies and disasters, having key phone numbers available can literally be a lifesaver. Store these contacts digitally and on paper so they are always accessible.
Emergency Phone Numbers
* Emergency Services: 911
* FEMA Helpline: 1-800-621-3362
* American Red Cross: 1-800-733-2767
* Poison Control: 1-800-222-1222
* Local Fire Department
* Local Police Department
* Emergency Room at local hospital
It is also important to keep contact information for children's schools and parents' workplaces readily available.
Conclusion
Natural disasters may be unpredictable, but they do not have to be an invitation to panic and chaos. The most effective family safety plans make family members more resilient, enabling them to organize, respond, and remain as safe as possible during stressful situations.
Throughout this guide, we have discussed emergency family planning for natural disasters such as earthquakes, hurricanes, floods, and wildfires, and we have reviewed emergency communication plans for families, as well as indispensable emergency home survival checklist items and why readily available emergency contact numbers make a difference.
The most critical element in natural disaster planning is not worrying about living through a disaster; preparation is critical; it allows families to manage fear and avoid panic while always ensuring safety.
FAQs
How Often Should Families Revisit the Safety Plan?
A family's safety plan should be updated at least twice per year. Emergency contact information, medication lists, evacuation routes, and emergency kits are all subject to change over time, and frequent updates reinforce family familiarity with all procedures and contact methods in the case of a disaster.
Should Children be Included in Disaster Planning?
Yes, children must be included in disaster emergency planning meetings. Instructing children in basic safety measures and important contact and location information may decrease a child's panic during an emergency and may increase a child's self-assurance during short periods away from their guardians.
Is a Home Emergency Kit Enough for Disasters?
Emergency kits are essential for disaster preparation, but a comprehensive disaster plan includes a system of emergency contacts and evacuation strategies and drills, as well as an up-to-date supply kit tailored to local risks and disaster types.
